Applied neuropsychology. Child · 2025
Neurocognitive deficits in cognitive flexibility and visual-motor search among children with different epilepsy subtypes.
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Shirdel Shabnam, Shirdel Shiva, Shadbafi Mohammad, Dolatkhah Aylar
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study examined neurocognitive deficits in Cognitive Flexibility (CF) and Visual-Motor Search (VMS) among children with Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (FLE), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), and Non-Epileptic (NE) controls to inform subtype-specific interventions.
METHODS: We assessed 90 children (30 FLE, 30 TLE, 30 NE; ages 7-12), matched on key demographics, using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to assess CF and Trail Making Tests (TMT-A/B) to evaluate VMS. Group differences were analyzed using MANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons.
RESULTS: MANOVA revealed significant group differences with a large effect size (F (12, 164) = 28.43, p < .001, ηp2 = .68). Post-hoc tests confirmed a hierarchy of impairment: children with FLE performed worse than those with TLE on both CF and VMS measures, and the TLE group scored lower than NE controls on all tasks. Significant differences were found on all TMT and WCST sub-measures.
DISCUSSION: The findings indicate hierarchical CF and VMS impairments in pediatric epilepsy, likely linked to frontal-parietal and hippocampal-temporal dysfunction. This suggests a need for tailored interventions, such as metacognitive training for FLE and contextual cueing for TLE. Future research should use neuroimaging and more diverse populations.
METHODS: We assessed 90 children (30 FLE, 30 TLE, 30 NE; ages 7-12), matched on key demographics, using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to assess CF and Trail Making Tests (TMT-A/B) to evaluate VMS. Group differences were analyzed using MANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons.
RESULTS: MANOVA revealed significant group differences with a large effect size (F (12, 164) = 28.43, p < .001, ηp2 = .68). Post-hoc tests confirmed a hierarchy of impairment: children with FLE performed worse than those with TLE on both CF and VMS measures, and the TLE group scored lower than NE controls on all tasks. Significant differences were found on all TMT and WCST sub-measures.
DISCUSSION: The findings indicate hierarchical CF and VMS impairments in pediatric epilepsy, likely linked to frontal-parietal and hippocampal-temporal dysfunction. This suggests a need for tailored interventions, such as metacognitive training for FLE and contextual cueing for TLE. Future research should use neuroimaging and more diverse populations.