Posttransplantation quality of life: more than graft function.

Whereas newer immunosuppressive therapies have increased patient and graft survival, long-term treatment with these drugs has been linked to medical and physical complications that may impact on posttransplantation quality of life. Immunosuppression-related physical side effects that can alter appearance--including hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia, weight gain, cushingoid facies, hand tremors, alopecia, and skin disorders--are among the most bothersome to patients and may have serious psychosocial implications. In addition, physical side effects may influence patient adherence to their prescribed treatment regimens and result in more serious complications, such as acute rejection, graft loss, rehospitalization, and even mortality. Therefore, strategies for minimizing side effects of immunosuppressive therapy and improving medication adherence are integral to better long-term transplant recipient management.