Autophagy and multimodal programmed cell death and their crosstalk in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease. Recent studies have revealed that autophagy forms a complex dynamic interaction network with forms of programmed cell death (PCD). This article systematically elaborates on the core functions of autophagy in UC and the pathogenic role of multimodal PCD in UC, focusing on the cross-regulation mechanism between autophagy and ferroptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, cuproptosis, and PANoptosis, and explores therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy-PCD interaction. The translational prospects of personalized therapy, biomarker development, and innovative delivery systems are also evaluated. A deep understanding of the interaction between autophagy and multimodal PCD in UC will provide a theoretical basis for the development of precision treatment strategies targeting the cell death pathway.