Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2007
RET proto-oncogene in Sardinia: V804M is the most frequent mutation and may be associated with FMTC/MEN-2A phenotype.
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Pinna Giovanni, Orgiana Giuseppina, Riola Alessia, Ghiani Mariangela, Lai Maria Letizia, Carcassi Carlo, Mariotti Stefano
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Genetic screening of RET proto-oncogene is a powerful tool for the early identification of familial cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), comprising isolated familial thyroid medullary carcinoma (FMTC) and multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes 2A (MEN-2A) and 2B (MEN-2B). We report the results obtained by RET mutation analysis of subjects living in Sardinia, an Italian island whose inhabitants display a peculiar genetic background due to geographic isolation and low immigration rate for several centuries.
DESIGN: Retrospective study reporting data on 67 patients referred during the last 5 years for RET analysis because affected by MTC or first degree relatives of MTC patients.
MAIN OUTCOME: Only three mutations were identified affecting codons 620 (exon 10), 634 (exon 11), and 804 (exon 14); surprisingly, the most prevalent mutation found was V804M (overall prevalence: 59%). This finding is quite different from previous studies carried out in other Caucasian and non-Caucasian populations, in which the frequency of the V804M mutation is consistently reported less than 5%. The phenotype associated to V804M mutation was mostly FMTC (16/17 cases = 94.1%), but in one case (5.9%) primary hyperparathyroidism was found, suggesting a MEN-2A.
CONCLUSIONS: These results underline the importance of the genetic background in the distribution of RET mutations and should be taken into consideration when performing genetic evaluation of MTC patients.
DESIGN: Retrospective study reporting data on 67 patients referred during the last 5 years for RET analysis because affected by MTC or first degree relatives of MTC patients.
MAIN OUTCOME: Only three mutations were identified affecting codons 620 (exon 10), 634 (exon 11), and 804 (exon 14); surprisingly, the most prevalent mutation found was V804M (overall prevalence: 59%). This finding is quite different from previous studies carried out in other Caucasian and non-Caucasian populations, in which the frequency of the V804M mutation is consistently reported less than 5%. The phenotype associated to V804M mutation was mostly FMTC (16/17 cases = 94.1%), but in one case (5.9%) primary hyperparathyroidism was found, suggesting a MEN-2A.
CONCLUSIONS: These results underline the importance of the genetic background in the distribution of RET mutations and should be taken into consideration when performing genetic evaluation of MTC patients.