A Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Concurrent Basophilia and Eosinophilia Lacking Oncogenic Mutations in 54 Relevant Genes.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with basophilia or eosinophilia are very rare and portend poor prognoses. We present a rare patient who had MDS with excess blasts as well as peripheral basophilia and concurrent bone marrow (BM) basophilia/eosinophilia. She had a complex karyotype including 5q and 7q deletions; however, no oncogenic mutations were observed on next-generation sequencing of 54 genes known to be frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia/MDS. Peripheral basophilia resolved after decitabine treatment. Ours is the first report to describe a genome-wide analysis and the use of decitabine to successfully treat basophilia in an MDS patient with concurrent BM basophilia/eosinophilia.