A routine de-airing method for total endoscopic robot-assisted mitral valve repair.

Intraoperative water testing is essential for assessing mitral valve morphology and degree of residual mitral regurgitation during mitral valve repair. However, in some cases, evacuating intracardiac air is challenging. Herein, we report the routine de-airing method during total endoscopic robot-assisted mitral valve repair at our institute and discuss its effectiveness. In brief, our de-airing methods involve the following steps: after restricting the blood flow of the cardiopulmonary bypass, intracardiac air was pushed out into the pulmonary veins by drawing blood from the right ventricle. The left atrium, left ventricle, and ascending aorta were filled with blood to remove air from the root cannula. Retrograde blood flow from the coronary sinus was used to remove air from the coronary arteries. At 10 min after cardiopulmonary bypass weaning, transesophageal echocardiography revealed that residual intracardial air was absent in 99% of patients in all three chambers (ascending aorta, left atrium, and left ventricle).