Choline chloride-DESs as green solvents for drug solubilization and formulation.

Drug solubility is a critical consideration in the development of drugs, as poor solubility can reduce efficacy by lowering bioavailability and making it more difficult for the body to absorb the drug. In view of various advantages, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained cumulative attention in pharmaceutics as drug excipients and for the solubility enhancement of drugs. Choline chloride (ChCl)-based DESs are prepared via the combination of ChCl as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) with hydrogen bond donors (HBD) such as urea, glycerol, lactic acid, etc., and consider as green choice as compared to traditional organic solvents. These solvents offer various advantages over conventional solvents, including favorable polarity, low toxicity, low volatility, thermal and photostability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The latest improvements in utilizing ChCl-based DESs involve the manufacturing of diverse drugs, including anticancer, antibiotic, and anti-inflammatory agents. The potential of these green solvents as drug excipients and for solubility enhancement in generating sustainable drug formulations has been discussed here. Overall, this review revealed the potential use of ChCl-based DESs as a green and sustainable alternative to traditional solvents in drug formulation, potentially contributing to the development of safe and effective drug formulations.