Evidence-Based Clinical Recommendations for the Appropriate Use of Diagnostic Tests in Pediatric Allergology: Focus on Asthma, Rhinoconjunctivitis, and Keratoconjunctivitis Vernal.

Background

Appropriateness of diagnostic test prescriptions represents a critical component of quality care in pediatric allergology, directly influencing diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic decisions, healthcare resource utilization, and patient outcomes. A multidisciplinary expert panel was convened to develop evidence-based clinical recommendations addressing the appropriate use of specialist consultations and diagnostic investigations in children with asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods

Clinical questions were formulated using the PICO framework and prioritized through structured expert consensus. Systematic literature reviews were conducted across major databases, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE methodology.

Results

Specialist evaluation emerged as a key determinant of improved diagnostic precision, optimization of treatment strategies, and reduction of inappropriate therapies. In asthma, spirometry, FeNO measurement, and allergy testing contributed to enhanced diagnostic accuracy and better control. In allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergological assessment supported diagnosis and the selection of immunotherapy, with demonstrated benefits on symptoms and quality of life. For VKC, multidisciplinary specialist involvement facilitated early diagnosis, personalized management, and prevention of complications.

Conclusions

Although the overall certainty of evidence ranged from moderate to low, consistent clinical benefits supported consensus-based recommendations. Implementation of these recommendations may improve care quality, promote equitable access to diagnostic resources, and reduce unnecessary healthcare utilization.