Low-level laser therapy for reducing body circumferences: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a noninvasive method for decreasing fat without surgery. It functions by breaking down fat cells, resulting in a noticeable reduction in body circumference. This study aimed to assess the effects of LLLT in reducing body circumferences.

METHODS

A search of four databases (Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, and Cochrane Library) up to September 30, 2025, identified three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria, in which the outcome was the reduction in body circumferences measured by tape. Quality assessment was done using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2).

RESULTS

The trials included 160 participants and found that LLLT significantly lowered waist circumference by 2.48 cm compared with 0.635 cm in controls. Follow-up assessments performed 2 weeks post-intervention in two studies confirmed sustained improvements. Moreover, in two studies, hip circumference decreased by 4.09 cm versus 0.86 cm in controls, an effects size of -2.2 cm (mean difference = 2.7 cm). Effect size on waist circumference was - 1.9 cm indicating an average decrease in measurement by1.9 cm (mean difference = 2.5 cm). Reduction was also observed in the abdomen and thigh circumferences. Effect sizes across the RCTs ranged from - 0.4 cm to -8.7 cm (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

LLLT promises to achieve localized fat reduction with minimal adverse effects and high patient satisfaction. However, varying treatment protocols and follow-up durations make it challenging to determine optimal parameters and long-term efficacy.

REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42025645438. 19 September 2025.