Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026
CAR-engineering of innate and innate-like immune cells: a new horizon in adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Nardo Giuseppe, Putti Francesca, Indini Alice, Del Vecchio Michele, De Braud Filippo, Di Nicola Massimo, De Santis Francesca
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy, particularly in hematologic malignancies, but their efficacy in solid tumors remains limited. Key barriers include tumor antigen heterogeneity, on-target/off-tumor toxicity, impaired trafficking, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
METHODS: We conducted a narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies investigating CAR-engineered innate and innate-like immune cells, including CAR-natural killer, CAR-γδ T, CAR-natural killer T (NKT), and CAR-macrophages, focusing on their biological features, therapeutic potential, and current clinical development in solid tumors.
RESULTS: These alternative platforms exhibit distinct advantages over conventional CAR-T cells, including reduced risk of severe toxicities, improved trafficking, overcoming antigen loss, and higher allogeneic potential. Emerging clinical data suggest favorable safety profiles, although limited persistence and variable efficacy remain key challenges. Advances in cell engineering, such as cytokine armoring and non-viral gene transfer, are further enhancing their therapeutic potential.
CONCLUSIONS: CAR-engineered innate and innate-like immune cells represent a promising next-generation strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional CAR-T therapies in solid tumors. Among these, CAR-NKT and CAR-γδ T cells may offer particular advantages for clinical translation, warranting further investigation in future trials.
METHODS: We conducted a narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies investigating CAR-engineered innate and innate-like immune cells, including CAR-natural killer, CAR-γδ T, CAR-natural killer T (NKT), and CAR-macrophages, focusing on their biological features, therapeutic potential, and current clinical development in solid tumors.
RESULTS: These alternative platforms exhibit distinct advantages over conventional CAR-T cells, including reduced risk of severe toxicities, improved trafficking, overcoming antigen loss, and higher allogeneic potential. Emerging clinical data suggest favorable safety profiles, although limited persistence and variable efficacy remain key challenges. Advances in cell engineering, such as cytokine armoring and non-viral gene transfer, are further enhancing their therapeutic potential.
CONCLUSIONS: CAR-engineered innate and innate-like immune cells represent a promising next-generation strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional CAR-T therapies in solid tumors. Among these, CAR-NKT and CAR-γδ T cells may offer particular advantages for clinical translation, warranting further investigation in future trials.