Transplant immunology · 2026
CXCL9, CXCL11, and CXCR3 mRNA expression and protein level in blood and urine of kidney transplant rejected patients.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Akhgar Narges, Afshari Afsoon, Yaghobi Ramin, Naeini Fatemeh Heidaryan, Janfeshan Sahar
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: CXCL9 and CXCL11 are chemokine ligands that bind to the CXCR3 receptor. Their interaction mediates the recruitment, activation, and differentiation of immune cells, including T helper 1 (Th1) cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and natural killer (NK) cells. Quantification of CXCL9, CXCL11, and CXCR3 offers a potential non-invasive approach for detecting allograft rejection. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between urinary and blood concentrations of CXCL9, CXCL11, and CXCR3 at both mRNA and protein levels in renal graft recipients.
METHODS: A total of 58 renal allograft recipients from deceased donors were enrolled to investigate chemokine dynamics during the early post-transplant period and during acute rejection episodes. Peripheral blood and urine samples were collected within the first week post-transplantation and at clinically confirmed rejection events. CXCL9, CXCL11, and CXCR3 profiling was performed using real-time PCR for transcript-level evaluation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for protein quantification.
RESULTS: Urinary CXCL9 (uCXCL9) expression and protein levels were significantly lower in the rejection group compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Similarly, uCXCL9 levels were significantly lower in the non-rejection group than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). In contrast, urinary CXCL11 (uCXCL11) and urinary CXCR3 (uCXCR3) expression levels were significantly higher in both rejection and non-rejection groups compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05 for all). Blood CXCL9 (bCXCL9) expression was significantly higher in healthy controls than in both patient groups (p < 0.05). While bCXCL11 and bCXCR3 mRNA levels were elevated in rejection and non-rejection groups versus controls, their corresponding protein levels did not show significant differences (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: ROC analysis comparing blood and urine levels indicated that CXCL9 mRNA in the non-rejection group and CXCR3 mRNA in the rejection group may be informative for detecting the possibility of rejection in kidney allografts. Protein-level comparisons of CXCL9 (non-rejection) and CXCR3 (both rejection and non-rejection) further support these observations.
METHODS: A total of 58 renal allograft recipients from deceased donors were enrolled to investigate chemokine dynamics during the early post-transplant period and during acute rejection episodes. Peripheral blood and urine samples were collected within the first week post-transplantation and at clinically confirmed rejection events. CXCL9, CXCL11, and CXCR3 profiling was performed using real-time PCR for transcript-level evaluation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for protein quantification.
RESULTS: Urinary CXCL9 (uCXCL9) expression and protein levels were significantly lower in the rejection group compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Similarly, uCXCL9 levels were significantly lower in the non-rejection group than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). In contrast, urinary CXCL11 (uCXCL11) and urinary CXCR3 (uCXCR3) expression levels were significantly higher in both rejection and non-rejection groups compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05 for all). Blood CXCL9 (bCXCL9) expression was significantly higher in healthy controls than in both patient groups (p < 0.05). While bCXCL11 and bCXCR3 mRNA levels were elevated in rejection and non-rejection groups versus controls, their corresponding protein levels did not show significant differences (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: ROC analysis comparing blood and urine levels indicated that CXCL9 mRNA in the non-rejection group and CXCR3 mRNA in the rejection group may be informative for detecting the possibility of rejection in kidney allografts. Protein-level comparisons of CXCL9 (non-rejection) and CXCR3 (both rejection and non-rejection) further support these observations.