Transorbital approaches to the cranial base.

Orbital neoplasms and their treatment may have significant negative impact on patient's survival, function, and appearance. It is essential to establish early and accurate diagnosis. The anatomic location of the orbit allows neoplastic processes to threaten structures in the intracranial cavity relatively easily. This adds significantly to the complexity of managing orbital tumors. Improved surgical approaches allow better visualization of the neoplasm and greater protection of essential anatomic structures. This also permits immediate functional and aesthetic reconstruction. A multidisciplinary approach involving the head and neck surgeon, neurosurgeon, reconstructive surgeon, ophthalmologist, radiologist, radiation oncologist, and medical oncologist enhances the quality of management of orbital lesions. Further development of new techniques as well as improved application of adjuvant modalities will, it is hoped, continue to improve the prognosis of patients with orbital neoplasms.