Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025
Aqueous Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiles in Low-Energy vs High-Energy Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Liu Chang, Wang Xinyue, Ong Hon Shing, Ang Marcus, Chee Soon-Phaik, Ching Jianhong, Chua Kee Voon, Han Sharon Hong Yu, Mehta Jodhbir S, Zhou Lei, Liu Yu-Chi
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To investigate the aqueous proteomics and metabolomics in low-energy and high-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).
METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 72 patients were randomized to 3 groups: low-energy FLACS, high-energy FLACS, and conventional phacoemulsification (controls). Aqueous was collected after femtosecond laser treatment or at the beginning of surgery (controls). Proteomic analysis was conducted using a data-independent acquisition method, whereas aqueous metabolomics were analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to integrate the results of proteomics and metabolomics.
RESULTS: Compared with low-energy FLACS, significantly elevated aqueous hemoglobin subunit beta, G protein subunit beta, carbonic anhydrase 1, and asymmetric dimethylarginine were observed in high-energy FLACS, suggesting significantly greater oxidative stress, inflammation, immunity, metabolism, and mitochondrial fatty acids oxidation. Compared with controls, significantly increased aqueous proteins and metabolites related to immune and inflammation (beta-crystallin B1, hemoglobin subunit beta, putrescine, and spermine) and oxidative stress (heat shock proteins, peroxiredoxins, and long-chain acylcarnitines) were observed in FLACS. Joint pathway analysis revealed nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism and riboflavin metabolism were significantly overexpressed in high-energy FLACS compared with low-energy FLACS, whereas the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis were the most significant pathways when comparing FLACS with controls.
CONCLUSIONS: FLACS induced higher immunological and inflammatory responses, oxidative stress reactions, and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative stress compared with controls. These differential effects were more pronounced when a higher laser energy was used.
METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 72 patients were randomized to 3 groups: low-energy FLACS, high-energy FLACS, and conventional phacoemulsification (controls). Aqueous was collected after femtosecond laser treatment or at the beginning of surgery (controls). Proteomic analysis was conducted using a data-independent acquisition method, whereas aqueous metabolomics were analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to integrate the results of proteomics and metabolomics.
RESULTS: Compared with low-energy FLACS, significantly elevated aqueous hemoglobin subunit beta, G protein subunit beta, carbonic anhydrase 1, and asymmetric dimethylarginine were observed in high-energy FLACS, suggesting significantly greater oxidative stress, inflammation, immunity, metabolism, and mitochondrial fatty acids oxidation. Compared with controls, significantly increased aqueous proteins and metabolites related to immune and inflammation (beta-crystallin B1, hemoglobin subunit beta, putrescine, and spermine) and oxidative stress (heat shock proteins, peroxiredoxins, and long-chain acylcarnitines) were observed in FLACS. Joint pathway analysis revealed nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism and riboflavin metabolism were significantly overexpressed in high-energy FLACS compared with low-energy FLACS, whereas the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis were the most significant pathways when comparing FLACS with controls.
CONCLUSIONS: FLACS induced higher immunological and inflammatory responses, oxidative stress reactions, and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative stress compared with controls. These differential effects were more pronounced when a higher laser energy was used.