Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Clinical Symptoms, Location, Metastasis Formation, and Associated Malignancies in a Single Center Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare malignancies but the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging and an increasing incidence will confront us more frequently with stromal tumors. This single center study aimed to characterize GIST patients in terms of tumor location, clinical presentation, metastasis formation, as well as associated secondary malignancies.

METHODS

In a retrospective study, 104 patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of GIST, collected between 1993 and 2011, were characterized for several clinical features.

RESULTS

The most common GIST location was the stomach (67.6%) followed by the small intestine (16.2%). Gastrointestinal bleeding (55.8%) and abdominal pain (38.5%) were the most frequently reported symptoms whereas about one-third of patients remained clinically asymptomatic (31.6%); 14.4% of patients had either synchronous or metachronous metastases and there was a significant prevalence also in the low risk group. The proportion of secondary malignant associated neoplasms was 31% in our GIST cohort, among which gastrointestinal, genitourinary tumors, and breast cancer were the most prevalent.

CONCLUSION

There was a considerable risk for metastasis formation and the development of secondary neoplasias that should encourage discussion about the appropriate surveillance strategy after surgery for GIST.