Immune thrombocytopenia and response to splenectomy in chronic liver disease.

Six patients had chronic liver diseases of diverse origin, persistent unexplained thrombocytopenia, and no palpable splenic enlargement. Platelet-associated IgG levels were increased in all cases. Two patients underwent splenectomy; the spleens weighed 375 and 230 g. Each patient had prompt, complete, and sustained platelet count normalization. Two other patients treated briefly with prednisone had no response. These observations indicate that a minimally enlarged spleen may be responsible for thrombocytopenia in chronic liver disease and suggest that immune mechanisms may contribute to thrombocytopenia in this setting.