The clinicopathological features, treatment patterns, and prognosis of trichilemmal carcinoma: a retrospective case-series study.

Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is a rare malignant cutaneous appendage neoplasm originating from the epithelium of the outer root sheath of hair follicles. TC is generally non-invasive, causing only localized damage, and can be successfully managed with wide excision. Although recurrence and metastasis are rare, such cases often exhibit high malignancy, necessitating regular follow-up. Here, a retrospective study was conducted to review the clinical and histopathological features, diagnosis, and treatment of TC. Seven TC patients were enrolled in this study with 3 female and 4 male patients. The average age was 56.14±20.72 years old and the average year of lesion onset to clinic visit was 3.91±5.07 years. All patients received enlarged excision therapy. Six of Seven patients were followed for at least two years. Only one reported lesion relapse one year after surgery with 0.5 cm enlarged margin. In conclusion, surgery is a great method for TC treatment with at least 1 cm margin. Long-term post operative follow-up is necessary to screening recurrence.