Anti-intercellular substance antibody log titres are correlated with serum concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-15 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with Pemphigus vulgaris relationships with peripheral blood neutrophil counts, disease severity and duration and patients' age.

Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare dermatosis of autoimmune origin, characterized by autoantibodies directed against intercellular substance (AICS) and presenting with intra-epidermal blisters and/or erosions of the skin and mucous membranes. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationships between serum AICS titers (after log transformation) and: patients' age, disease duration and disease activity; serum cytokine (IL-6, IL-7, IL-15 and TNF-alpha) concentrations and peripheral blood cell counts (namely neutrophils, lymphocytes and natural killer cells). Fifteen consecutive subjects affected with PV were enrolled. Diagnosis was supported by histological examination as well as by direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests. Cytokine determinations were made by means of commercially available ELISA kits. This study shows for the first time that AICS titers have a significant correlation with age of PV patients (R=0.57, p=0.031) and with the disease duration (R=0.73, p=0.002). A correlation between blood neutrophils count and log (AICS) titres was observed (R=0.6, p=0.021). Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between log (AICS) titres and serum IL-15 (R=0.54, p=0.048), serum IL-6 (R=0.53, p=0.05) or serum TNF-alpha concentrations (R=0.53, p=0.05). These data, taken together, show that there are several connections between the log (AICS) titres, some proinflammatory cytokines, peripheral blood neutrophil counts and the numbers of individuals' lesions, suggesting a relationship between AICS production and lesion development.