A systematic review on gellan gum in-situ gel as promising carrier for topical ophthalmic drug delivery and disease management.

Various ocular illnesses, such as glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, and conjunctivitis, etc. necessitate repeated administration of drug. Therefore, the use of eye drops is preferred due to ease of application and patient compliance. But drug ocular bioavailability from traditional eye drops is low (1%), mainly due to factors such as fast tear turnover, less absorption, brief resident duration in the cul-de-sac and impermeability of the medications to the epithelial membrane of cornea. These issues may be addressed by using in situ gel-forming solutions, which are administered into the eye as drops and undergo a sol-gel transition in the cul-de-sac. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of high-quality research findings involving gellan gum (GG) as a polymeric ingredient in the development of new in situ gel drug delivery systems for ophthalmic applications. Here, the use of gellan gum is reported in its natural form, as well as in chemically modified derivatives or when physically blended with natural or synthetic materials. Beginning with a thorough review of current research works, the major attributes of the GG in ocular drug delivery have been highlighted. Numerous disciplines have extended their research into ophthalmic drug delivery utilizing gellan gum as in situ gels. So far, no reports that summarize these advancements are available. This paper intends to fill that gap. In this review, we aim to present research carried out on GG in situ gel for topical drug delivery to the eye for the management of various diseases.