Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and sinonasal diseases: A case report and literature review.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an unusual inherited intestinal polyposis syndrome associated with distinct mucocutaneous pigmentation. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is known to show variable penetrance and clinical heterogeneity. It can involve various organs and lead to intestinal and extra-intestinal malignancies. Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a benign tumor originating from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It is characterized by high recurrence and malignant transformation; however, the exact pathogenesis and risk factors remain unclear. Recently, we encountered a case of sinonasal inverted papilloma in a patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Although we performed a molecular genetic study to evaluate the STK11/LKB1 mutation, we could not provide direct evidence of the association between sinonasal inverted papilloma and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Based on our experience, we here tried to introduce Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and the potential involvement of the upper airway tract based on previously reported cases.