Potential in vivo transfer of a blaCTX-M14-harbouring plasmid established by combining long- and short-read sequencing.

Horizontal transfer of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance has rarely been documented in vivo. Utilizing long-read (Oxford Nanopore) and short-read (Illumina) sequencing, we confirmed that a gut-colonizing Escherichia coli and a hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae ST23, isolated from a surgical site culture of a patient receiving cefuroxime therapy, harboured a 100% identical blaCTX-M-14-harbouring plasmid, indicative of a potential transfer in vivo.