A Randomized Trial in Older Adults of a Flavor-Enhanced Coconut Oil-Based Mouthwash: Clinical Safety, Antimicrobial Efficacy, and User Satisfaction.

Background/

Objectives

Fungal and bacterial infections are major contributors to oral diseases in older adults. Although chlorhexidine (CHX) is widely recognized for its antimicrobial efficacy, its prolonged use is constrained by adverse effects. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) possesses antimicrobial properties; however, its high viscosity reduces acceptability. This study aimed to develop a flavor-enhanced coconut oil-based mouthwash (FCoMW) and evaluate its clinical safety, antimicrobial efficacy, and user satisfaction.

Methods

A 14-day randomized controlled trial was conducted in older adults at the Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand (April-July, 2024). Participants were randomly allocated by simple randomization to FCoMW, CHX, and normal saline solution (NSS). The evaluator was blinded. Assessments included burning sensation, oral mucosal alterations, changes in oral Candida and bacterial counts, and user satisfaction.

Results

Among 51 participants (NSS: 17; CHX: 16; FCoMW: 18), FCoMW significantly reduced oral Candida counts by Day 14 (p < 0.0001), with efficacy comparable to CHX. CHX achieved greater bacterial reduction (p < 0.05). No adverse effects occurred with FCoMW. User satisfaction was high for scent, freshness, and overall acceptability.

Conclusions

FCoMW is safe, well-accepted, and efficacious against oral Candida, offering a natural alternative to chlorhexidine for long-term use in older adults.