Emerging infectious diseases · 2024
Detection in Orchards of Predominant Azole-Resistant Candida tropicalis Genotype Causing Human Candidemia, Taiwan.
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Tseng Kuo-Yun, Chen Yin-Zhi, Zhou Zi-Li, Tsai Jyh-Nong, Tseng Min-Nan, Liu Hsing-Lung, Wu Chi-Jung, Liao Yu-Chieh, Lin Chih-Chao, Tsai De-Jiun, Chen Feng-Jui, Hsieh Li-Yun, Huang Kuan-Chung, Huang Chun-Hua, Chen Kai-Ting, Chu Wen-Li, Lin Chiao-Mei, Shih Shu-Man, Hsiung Chao Agnes, Chen Yee-Chun, Sytwu Huey-Kang, Yang Yun-Liang, Lo Hsiu-Jung
Аннотация
Fluconazole-resistant clade 4 Candida tropicalis causing candidemia in humans has been detected in tropical/subtropical areas, including those in China, Singapore, and Australia. We analyzed 704 individual yeasts isolated from fruits, soil, water, and farmers at 80 orchards in Taiwan. The most common pathogenic yeast species among 251 isolates recovered from farmers were Candida albicans (14.7%) and C. parapsilosis (11.6%). In contrast, C. tropicalis (13.0%), C. palmioleophila (6.6%), and Pichia kudriavzevii (6.0%) were prevalent among 453 environmental isolates. Approximately 18.6% (11/59) of C. tropicalis from the environment were resistant to fluconazole, and 81.8% (9/11) of those belonged to the clade 4 genotype. C. tropicalis susceptibility to fluconazole correlated with susceptibilities to the agricultural azole fungicides, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, and triadimenol. Tandem gene duplications of mutated ERG11 contributed to azole resistance. Agriculture environments are a reservoir for azole-resistant C. tropicalis; discontinuing agricultural use of azoles might reduce emergence of azole-resistant Candida spp. strains in humans.