A brief review on the strategy of developing SPR-based biosensors for application to the diagnosis of neglected tropical diseases.

The phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) through optical sensors was developed from initial studies involving excitation of surface plasmons on metallic substrates. From the beginning, these optical systems have attracted increasing interest for application in different areas, ranging from physics, chemistry, and materials science to biology. Although numerous applications have been explored, the use of SPR in the development of biosensors is by far the most prominent. This review provides a brief account of fundamental aspects related to the recent applications of SPR as a tool for the development of new clinical diagnosis methods. The applications of SPR biosensors were illustrated through recent studies published in the field of neglected tropical diseases, with an emphasis on the contributions achieved in visceral leishmaniasis. It was possible to demonstrate the real benefits and the difficulties that the SPR biosensors have encountered in this important and complex system. Finally, future trends in the use of nanomaterials for the development of SPR-based portable devices for application to neglected tropical diseases have been demonstrated.