Sagittal Skeletal Relationship and Craniocervical Posture in Peruvian Children.

INTRODUCTION

Tooth misalignment and malposition are common oral health problems. It is important to evaluate the factors associated with malocclusion in order to observe the behavior of the occlusion.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the association between sagittal skeletal relationship (SR) and craniocervical posture (CP).

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

This retrospective study evaluated 187 digital lateral radiographs of Peruvian children and the C0-C1 (suboccipital space) and (90 males and 97 females) aged 6-12 years (mean age: 10.16 ± 1.54 years). Sagittal SR included the ANB angle according to Steiner analysis and the anteroposterior dysplasia indicator (APDI) angle (indicator of anteroposterior dysplasia) according to Kim analysis in class I (ANB 0-4°, APDI 78-84°), class II (ANB >4°, APDI <78°), and class III (ANB <0°, APDI >84°). CP was assessed with Rocabado analysis according to the MGP-OP angle (craniocervical rotation) and the CO-C1 (suboccipital space) and H (position of the hyoid bone) distances. ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman correlation, and Pearson's X2 tests were used at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

A very low to low significant correlation was found between ANB with MGP-OP (rho = -0.195) and CO-C1 (rho = 0.173) and H (rho = 0.173) and H (rho = 0.164) and between APDI with MGP-OP (rho = 0.176) and H (rho = -0.161) (p < 0.028). A greater H distance was associated with APDI class II (p = 0.021) and a lower MGP-OP value was related to ANB and APDI class II, especially in girls (p ≤ 0.004).

CONCLUSION

CP was associated with the sagittal SR, showing an extended posture in class II compared to other skeletal classes.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Cephalometric study of CP should be performed at early ages to determine the skeletal class associated with an unfavorable inclination.

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Salazar-Lara SE, Carranza-Samanez KM, Dulanto-Vargas JA. Sagittal Skeletal Relationship and Craniocervical Posture in Peruvian Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(4):368-374.