[Urinary schistosomiasis: report of a case].

A 31-year-old Japanese man visited our department with macroscopic hematuria. He had stayed in Asia, Middle East and Africa during the past several years. He was diagnosed with urinary schistosomiasis because examination of urine and a biopsy specimen of the bladder mucosa revealed Schistosoma haematobium ova. Cystoscopy revealed granulomatous lesions and polypoid patches at the right ureteral orifice, posterior wall and dome of the bladder. Radiological examination showed no obstructive uropathy. Histologically, moderate to severe urothelial dysplasia was found but without evidence of malignancy. The disease has been under good control following treatment with praziquantel. Today international exchange between Japan and other countries is common. Therefore, physicians should consider the possibility of schistosomiasis in patients who have been to endemic areas.