[Study of the prevalence of neonatal thyroid disturbances in Benin].

OBJECTIVE

Observing the concentrations of free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropin (TSH), in infants born in Cotonou, Benin to establish the profile of neonatal thyroid disturbance.

DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: The detection of thyroid immune status was done by measuring the antibodies to thyroglobulin (Tg Ab Anti) and Antibody and Anti Thyroperoxidase (Anti TPO Ab) ratio. Blood was collected from 177 neonates aged 0 to 7 days.

RESULTS

We measured free thyroxine, thyrotropin , and antibodies to thyroglobulin, Anti Thyroperoxidase and detected a prevalence of dysfunction of the thyroid gland in neonates is from 28% for hypothyroidism, 2.25% of hyperthyroidism. Among hypothyroid, there was a frank hypothyroidism of 53%, hypothyroidism in 25% Primary, secondary hypothyroidism of 20% and hypothyroidism unspecified 2%. Also 73.33% of hypothyroid shows an antibody against thyroglobulin above the threshold of normality and 41.18% of euthyroid have a high Anti thyroglobulin Antibody This allows us to suggest lymphocytic thyroiditis.

CONCLUSION

The results of our studies show the onset of thyroid disease after neonatal hypothyroidism very pronounced. This is probably due to a transfer of the Anti- thyroglobulin Antibody of maternal origin to the fetus during pregnancy.