Cutaneous Fungal Infections in Greek Competitive Swimmers: A Cross-Sectional, Self-Reported Study.

BACKGROUND/

OBJECTIVES

Cutaneous fungal infections, specifically tinea pedis, pityriasis versicolor, and tinea unguium (onychomycosis), are common yet under-researched in swimming. This study aimed to evaluate their prevalence and associated risk factors among competitive swimmers in Greece.

METHODS

An anonymous questionnaire was administered to 1047 participants, comprising parents of minor swimmers and adult athletes. Data collected included demographics, infection history, training characteristics, and hygiene behaviors.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence was 16% for tinea pedis, 3.2% for pityriasis versicolor and 3.3% for tinea unguium. Infection rates increased significantly with age and cumulative training years. Behavioral analysis revealed that placing towels and clothes on communal benches was associated with tinea pedis (p = 0.031) and pityriasis versicolor (p < 0.007). Sharing kickboards correlated with all three infections, while sharing flip-flops was specifically linked to tinea pedis and tinea unguium. Family history was a strong predictor for pityriasis versicolor.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the high prevalence of fungal skin infections in Greek swimmers, likely due to moisture exposure, shared equipment, and specific hygiene habits.