Adrenocortical carcinoma in two female children.

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare tumor in children. This tumor is more likely to be hormonally active in children than in adults and tends to cause a variety of symptoms, which may mimic other benign endocrinopathies. These tumors are usually diagnosed at advanced stages and portend a dismal prognosis. We describe two cases of adrenocortical carcinoma. One child presented with Cushingoid symptoms secondary to hypercortisolism, including amenorrhea, hirsutism and weight gain. The other child presented with precocious puberty. Both children underwent resection of the tumors. We describe their presenting symptoms, postoperative course, adjuvant therapy and clinical course. Pertinent literature regarding the anatomy of the adrenal gland, pathology of adrenocortical carcinoma, factors influencing outcome, diagnostic modalities and treatment, are discussed.