Perioperative management of patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists: Risks, recommendations, and future directions-A narrative review.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly being used for glycemic control and weight management. One of their key mechanisms of action is thought to be delaying gastric emptying. This review explores the perioperative risks associated with GLP-1RAs use, particularly the increased risk of gastric content retention and pulmonary aspiration. Current evidence suggests that patients on GLP-1RAs should be considered at risk for having a full stomach during surgery. Recommendations include careful assessment of medication details, additional monitoring, and preventive measures such as pre-anesthesia gastric ultrasound and rapid sequence induction. Further research is needed to establish comprehensive guidelines for the perioperative management of GLP-1RAs users. Adverse events related to GLP-1RAs use during anesthesia should be thoroughly documented, which is essential to inform future guidelines and to enhance patient safety.