Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2025
Adaptation of the Caregiver Version of the Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS) into Turkish and Investigation of Its Reliability and Validity in Parkinson's Disease.
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Uzer Gülsüm, Yıldırım Erol, Otrar Mustafa, Hanoğlu Lütfü
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to adapt the caregiver version of the Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS) to Turkish culture and examine its validity and reliability.
METHOD: 45 patients were diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD), and 40 healthy individuals and their relatives participated in the study. The questions were changed from first-person to third-person statements without any changes. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for construct validity in the validity analysis. Discriminant validity was performed with a healthy control group. The relationship with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) apathy subtest was examined for criterion-dependent validity analysis. In the reliability analysis of the scale, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency analysis was performed. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off value of the scale.
RESULTS: During the validity and reliability studies, it was observed that items 3 and 13 were incompatible with other factors, reduced the model fit, and were removed from the scale due to low internal consistency. In the analysis with 12 items, a three-factor structure was obtained as 'motivation', 'behavioral', and 'cognitive'. In confirmatory factor analysis, the fit values of the scale were Comparative Fit Index (CFI) =1.000, Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.963, and Root Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSEA)= 0.000. Consequently, the study, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.84. The discriminant validity analysis found a difference between the clinical and control groups. A positive correlation was found with the NPI Apathy subscale used for criterion-dependent validity. A cut-off value of 11 points with a sensitivity of 71.15% and specificity of 95% was recommended for 12 items.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the SAS Caregiver is a valid and reliable scale for PD patients and can be utilized in clinical and scientific studies.
METHOD: 45 patients were diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD), and 40 healthy individuals and their relatives participated in the study. The questions were changed from first-person to third-person statements without any changes. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for construct validity in the validity analysis. Discriminant validity was performed with a healthy control group. The relationship with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) apathy subtest was examined for criterion-dependent validity analysis. In the reliability analysis of the scale, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency analysis was performed. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off value of the scale.
RESULTS: During the validity and reliability studies, it was observed that items 3 and 13 were incompatible with other factors, reduced the model fit, and were removed from the scale due to low internal consistency. In the analysis with 12 items, a three-factor structure was obtained as 'motivation', 'behavioral', and 'cognitive'. In confirmatory factor analysis, the fit values of the scale were Comparative Fit Index (CFI) =1.000, Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.963, and Root Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSEA)= 0.000. Consequently, the study, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.84. The discriminant validity analysis found a difference between the clinical and control groups. A positive correlation was found with the NPI Apathy subscale used for criterion-dependent validity. A cut-off value of 11 points with a sensitivity of 71.15% and specificity of 95% was recommended for 12 items.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the SAS Caregiver is a valid and reliable scale for PD patients and can be utilized in clinical and scientific studies.