Inhibition of leukocyte function by serum from patients with trichinellosis.

Modification of leukocytic function has been reported in only a few human parasitic diseases. In this study we evaluated the effects of the sera from patients infected with Trichinella on chemotactic and phagocytic responses in leukocytes. Leukocyte chemotaxis was tested by the agarose method and phagocytosis by the technique of Yamamura, modified for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sera were acquired from patients during a trichinellosis outbreak that occurred in northern Italy in 1986. The parasite was isolated from 1 patient and isoenzymatically typed as Trichinella sp. 3, a new taxon, previously considered Trichinella nelsoni. The results indicated that sera from Trichinella-infected humans inhibited both chemotaxis and phagocytic responses in leukocytes. These findings suggest the existence of serum factor(s) in trichinellosis patients that modify host leukocytic functions. The source and nature of active serum components and the mechanism by which they modulate leukocyte function remain to be clarified.