Evaluation of dry eye parameters and meibomian gland loss in allergic rhinitis patients using ocular surface analyzer.

PURPOSE: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory condition of the upper respiratory tract that can significantly diminish quality of life. AR contributes to dry eye disease (DED) and meibomian gland alterations due to ocular surface inflammation triggered by repeated exposure to environmental allergens. This study aims to evaluate DED and meibomian gland loss (MGL) in patients with AR.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 79 patients with AR at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The subjects underwent a detailed evaluation of dry eye parameters using noninvasive ocular surface analyzer including assessment of noninvasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), lipid layer thickness (LLT), and tear meniscus height (TMH). MGL was assessed by meibography. The results were compared with those of a control group of 81 age-matched healthy individuals without AR.

RESULTS

Patients with AR showed statistically significantly lower NIBUT, LLT, and TMH values compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Meibomian gland analysis revealed a statistically significant MGL in patients with AR compared to controls. A significant negative correlation was observed between MGL and TMH and NIBUT (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Patients with AR are at an increased risk of DED with a notable change in dry eye parameters and MGL. These findings underscore the importance of early detection and management of DED in patients with AR to prevent further ocular surface damage and improve their quality of life.