[HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy].

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM) is a neuroimmunological disorder in which the infiltration of HTLV-1-infected T cells into the spinal cord triggers chronic inflammation and neurological damage. HAM predominantly affects the mid-to-lower thoracic cords. Improving long-term outcomes requires accurate assessment of disease activity and timely initiation of therapy. Activity stratification based on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers is clinically useful.