Identification of Microthoracius mazzai (Phthiraptera: Anoplura) as an economically important parasite of alpacas.

The hematophagous sucking louse Microthoracius mazzai Werneck, 1932, is redescribed and identified as a parasite of alpacas, Lama pacos L. Specimens were collected on animals 10-14 mo old, located on a large community farm at 4,600 m above sea level in the Peruvian Andes. In total, 26 scanning electron microscope (SEM) figures are included that highlight salient and differential characteristics, especially the unique elongated spindle-shaped head, which is almost as long as its abdomen. Alpacas, 1 of the 4 species of South American camelids, are important for their production of high-quality wool in the Andes Mountain range countries, especially Peru and Bolivia; to a lesser degree Chile; and more recently Argentina, where breeding and disease control programs are receiving increased technical support. Information is given on the prevalence of lice infestations in the flock, clinical signs, and economic losses. We report the efficacy of moxidectin (SC, 200 mcg/kg, b.w.) in a repeated treatment program of 7-10 d, which is currently used for mange control in these ruminants.