Neuromuscular Disorders in the Intensive Care Unit.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article discusses the pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of common neuromuscular disorders seen in the intensive care unit, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, and intensive care unit-acquired weakness.

RECENT FINDINGS: Guillain-Barré syndrome can have an excellent prognosis if patients are diagnosed early, appropriately treated, and monitored for complications, including respiratory failure and dysautonomia. Intensive care unit-acquired weakness increases overall mortality in patients who are critically ill, and distinguishing between critical illness myopathy and critical illness polyneuropathy may have important prognostic implications.

SUMMARY: Neuromuscular disorders are not rare in the intensive care unit setting, and precise identification and treatment of these conditions can greatly impact long-term outcomes.