Edible and herbal plants against Helicobacter pylori infection: From epidemiological, experimental studies to clinical perspectives.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an important global public health concern, causing conditions like gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, gastric lymphoma, distal gastric cancer and other gastric diseases. With the increasing prevalence of antibiotics resistance, the cure rate of antibiotics-based triple or quadruple therapy has declined to 80 % or less. Moreover, side effects still remain. Hence, alternative, more potent and safer anti-H. pylori medications are required. Numerous studies have indicated that natural products from medical plants are valuable repositories for the prevention of H. pylori infection with advantages in little side effects due to the co-evolution with biological systems for millions of years. In this review, we highlighted the anti-H. pylori activities and the responsive mechanism of edible and medical plants based on epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, providing the basis for future development of functional foods or drugs against H. pylori.