Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2004
Two patients with cryptococcal meningitis and idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia: defective cytokine production and reversal by recombinant interferon- gamma therapy.
Клинический случайСтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
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Netea Mihai G, Brouwer Annemarie E, Hoogendoorn Elizabeth H, Van der Meer Jos W M, Koolen Marianne, Verweij Paul E, Kullberg Bart Jan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Although Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes human disease predominantly in the immunocompromised host, severe cryptococcal infections are occasionally encountered in apparently immunocompetent individuals. Activation of cellular immunity by proinflammatory cytokines plays a central role in anticryptococcal defense.
METHODS: We describe 2 patients with severe cryptococcal meningitis who appeared to have idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia. For these patients and for 4 healthy volunteers, ex vivo stimulation of whole blood with microbial stimuli was used to investigate putative defects in cytokine production capacity.
RESULTS: Assessment of the cytokine released from the 2 patients with CD4 lymphopenia revealed a defective production of the proinflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)- gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) but not of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). One patient with disease progression despite receipt of antifungal treatment was administered immunotherapy with recombinant IFN- gamma . Administration of recombinant IFN- gamma resulted in both restoration of immunological parameters and a sustained clinical recovery.
CONCLUSIONS: Refractory meningitis may be due to defective TNF and IFN- gamma production, and IFN- gamma treatment may be useful in patients with an impaired cellular immune response and refractory cryptococcal meningitis.
METHODS: We describe 2 patients with severe cryptococcal meningitis who appeared to have idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia. For these patients and for 4 healthy volunteers, ex vivo stimulation of whole blood with microbial stimuli was used to investigate putative defects in cytokine production capacity.
RESULTS: Assessment of the cytokine released from the 2 patients with CD4 lymphopenia revealed a defective production of the proinflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)- gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) but not of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). One patient with disease progression despite receipt of antifungal treatment was administered immunotherapy with recombinant IFN- gamma . Administration of recombinant IFN- gamma resulted in both restoration of immunological parameters and a sustained clinical recovery.
CONCLUSIONS: Refractory meningitis may be due to defective TNF and IFN- gamma production, and IFN- gamma treatment may be useful in patients with an impaired cellular immune response and refractory cryptococcal meningitis.