Good-Enough Therapy: A Review of the Empirical Basis of Good Psychiatric Management.

In this review, the question of whether good psychiatric management (GPM) has a sufficient, or good-enough, evidence base is examined from two complementary perspectives. First, the author reviews research that has investigated whether GPM reduces symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Analyses at the group and individual levels have indicated that symptoms may decrease among patients receiving GPM. Second, the author reviews research that has investigated the processes through which change occurs in GPM. Studies that have shown process changes toward emotional balance, interpersonally effective functioning, and a more coherent and reality-based autobiographical narrative are discussed. To fully answer the question of whether GPM is good enough, more controlled trials are needed to demonstrate effectiveness, mechanisms of change, and broad implementation in culturally diverse populations.