Simultaneous treatment of pulmonary AV malformation with rheumatic heart disease.

Only 13 cases of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) combined with rheumatic heart disease have been reported, and only 3 have been treated simultaneously by surgery. Transcatheter embolotherapy, the first-line treatment of PAVM, avoids major surgery, general anesthesia, and the loss of pulmonary parenchyma, but the subsequent PAVM reperfusion can occur through recanalization of the embolized arteries. We report a case of PAVM with rheumatic heart disease, in which both diseases were simultaneously treated by surgery.