Assessment of jejunoileostomy for obesity--some observations since 1976.

In this review, which only partially covers the data available, it is pointed out that the evaluation of the results of jejunoileostomy may depend upon the criteria used by the observers, and disclosure of the true effects of the operation may depend upon the long-term follow-up of the patients. With increasing length of observation, it has become apparent that problems such as vitamin D deficiency, renal stone formation, continued steatorrhea, gallstones, zinc and copper deficiency, and even renal failure may be seen with disturbing frequency. Some of these may be preventable, others may be correctable and, indeed, the overall incidence of genuinely severe problems may, in the long run, be sufficiently low so as to make the benefits of jejunoileostomy outweigh the hazards. The rate of patient satisfaction is high, quality of life is generally improved and psychosocial and economic benefits of jejunoileostomy are apparent. The operation may also be a better alternative than the physical hazards of continuing obesity. Whether or not gastric bypass represents a true improvement over jejunoileostomy will depend upon the conclusions reached after applying to it the same searching scrutiny that is being used to examine the long-term results of jejunoileostomy.