Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
High-affinity, structure-validated and selective macrocyclic peptide tools for chemical biology studies of Huntingtin.
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Fanti Rebeka, Wolf Esther, Ikenoue Tatsuya, Deme Justin C, Balakrishnan Swati, Keith Brandon A, Alteen Matthew G, Chandrasekaran Renu, Yadav Manisha, Bhajiawala Ritika, Ackloo Suzanne, Feng Jia, Pouladi Mahmoud A, Edwards Aled M, Wilson Derek J, Lea Susan M, Suga Hiroaki, Harding Rachel J
Аннотация
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a Cytosine-Adenosine-Guanine (CAG) repeat expansion in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene, with no disease-modifying therapies currently available. The precise molecular function of the HTT protein is unclear, and the lack of selective chemical tools has limited functional studies. We have identified and characterized macrocyclic peptide binders targeting HTT. These binders exhibit low-nanomolar affinity in vitro and engage distinct HTT and HTT-HAP40 interfaces, as revealed by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and cryoelectron microscopy. Chemoproteomics confirmed selective binding in cell extracts from wildtype but not HTT-null cell lines. HAP40 consistently and stoichiometrically copurified with HTT across cell lines, including with HTT variants containing different CAG repeat lengths, highlighting the broad presence of the HTT-HAP40 complex.