[Remarkable Local Bleomycin Ointment Therapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis in a Hemodialysis Patient with a Long-Term Nephrostomy Catheter--A Case Report].

The patient was a 92-year-old woman. Pelvic exenteration and bilateral ureterocutaneostomy had been performed for rectal carcinoma 29 years earlier. Right nephrostomy had been performed for right ureteral stenosis 20 years earlier. Left nephrectomy had been performed for the left atrophic kidney 12 years earlier. She began receiving hemodialysis for renal failure 10 years earlier. In September 2014, macrohematuria and an abnormal mass at the right nephrostomy were observed. Pathological examination revealed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the tumor of the right renal pelvis extended to the abdominal wall along the nephrostomy. At first, owing to her extremely old age and disdialysis syndrome, conservative treatment was selected. However, because of tumor enlargement and bleeding from the tumor, anticancer therapy was required. In spite of oral doxifluridine administration for 1 month, the tumor increased in size. For the second-line therapy, bleomycin ointment was selected. Computed tomography performed after 2 months revealed 81% tumor reduction.