Isolated sphenoid mucormycosis presenting as visual impairment: changing trends?

Mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients whose host defenses have been altered by primary disease or immunosuppressive therapy. The pattern of involvement by this fungus is changing with reports of mucormycosis occurring also in immunocompetent host. The involvement of isolated sphenoid sinus is rare. In the present case, the only presenting symptom was visual impairment. These changing trends in presentation, the extent, and the area of involvement are challenging for the otorhinolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, and neurosurgeon. High index of suspicion, prompt intervention, and aggressive therapy are required to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease.