Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology · 2018
Exosomes from MiR-30d-5p-ADSCs Reverse Acute Ischemic Stroke-Induced, Autophagy-Mediated Brain Injury by Promoting M2 Microglial/Macrophage Polarization.
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Jiang Mei, Wang Hairong, Jin Mingming, Yang Xuelian, Ji Haifeng, Jiang Yufeng, Zhang Hanwen, Wu Feifei, Wu Guolu, Lai Xiaoyin, Cai Liying, Hu Rongguo, Xu Limin, Li Longxuan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent studies have indicated that exosomes secreted from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have important effects in the treatment of ischemic injury. However, the treatment mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether ADSC-derived exosomes enriched with microRNA (miR)-30d-5p have a protective effect on acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
METHODS: In the current study, inflammatory factors and miR-30d-5p expression were assessed in 70 subjects with AIS and 35 healthy controls. Exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and further examined using nanoparticle tracking analyses. A rat model of AIS and an in vitro model of oxygen- and glucose-deprived (OGD) primary microglia were established to study the protective mechanism of exosomes from miR-30d-5p-overexpressing ADSCs in ischemia-induced nerve injury.
RESULTS: The results showed that following AIS, the expression of inflammatory cytokines increased, while the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and miR-30d-5p decreased both in patients and in animal models. Moreover, in vitro studies demonstrated that suppression of autophagy significantly reduced the OGD-induced inflammatory response. In addition, exosome treatment was more effective in suppressing the inflammatory response by reversing OGD-induced and autophagy-mediated microglial polarization to M1. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that exosomes derived from ADSCs significantly decreased the cerebral injury area of infarction by suppressing autophagy and promoting M2 microglia/macrophage polarization.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that miR-30d-5p-enhanced ADSC-derived exosomes prevent cerebral injury by inhibiting autophagy-mediated microglial polarization to M1.
METHODS: In the current study, inflammatory factors and miR-30d-5p expression were assessed in 70 subjects with AIS and 35 healthy controls. Exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and further examined using nanoparticle tracking analyses. A rat model of AIS and an in vitro model of oxygen- and glucose-deprived (OGD) primary microglia were established to study the protective mechanism of exosomes from miR-30d-5p-overexpressing ADSCs in ischemia-induced nerve injury.
RESULTS: The results showed that following AIS, the expression of inflammatory cytokines increased, while the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and miR-30d-5p decreased both in patients and in animal models. Moreover, in vitro studies demonstrated that suppression of autophagy significantly reduced the OGD-induced inflammatory response. In addition, exosome treatment was more effective in suppressing the inflammatory response by reversing OGD-induced and autophagy-mediated microglial polarization to M1. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that exosomes derived from ADSCs significantly decreased the cerebral injury area of infarction by suppressing autophagy and promoting M2 microglia/macrophage polarization.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that miR-30d-5p-enhanced ADSC-derived exosomes prevent cerebral injury by inhibiting autophagy-mediated microglial polarization to M1.