Apical periodontium response to enamel matrix derivative as an intracanal medication in rat immature teeth with pulp necrosis: radiographic and histologic findings.

INTRODUCTION

The aim of this study was to evaluate the enamel matrix derivative (EMD) biomaterial in nonvital immature teeth.

METHODS

To arrest root development, pulpectomies were performed in the lower first molars of 36 4-week-old rats; the cavities were left exposed to the oral environment for 3 weeks. Then, chemical disinfection was performed, and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) or EMD was applied in the root canals. A control group did not receive any treatment. Radiographic and histological data were evaluated after 3 and 6 weeks.

RESULTS

At 3 weeks, TAP promoted a milder inflammatory response and increased root lengths compared with the control group. At 6 weeks, root development and reduced periapical lesions could be observed in both test groups, mainly because of the deposition of a cementum-like tissue. EMD promoted narrower canals compared with TAP (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

EMD deserves attention as a potential tool in the treatment of nonvital immature teeth. The ingrowth of cementum-like tissues into canal spaces favored dental wall thickness and may contribute to tooth resistance and support.