Kolaviron offers significant neuroprotection on potassium dichromate-induced neurobehavioral, biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes in rats.

Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) exposure has been linked to neurotoxicity in various animal models, raising concerns about its implications for human health, particularly neurodegenerative diseases. Kolaviron, a biflavonoid complex from Garcinia kola seeds, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its neuroprotective effects against potassium dichromate-induced neurotoxicity remain underexplored. This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of Kolaviron in Wistar rats exposed to potassium dichromate toxicity. Thirty-two adults male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, potassium dichromate (2 mg/kg), Kolaviron (100 mg/kg) plus potassium dichromate (2 mg/kg), and Kolaviron (100 mg/kg) alone. Neurobehavioral assessments, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant parameters, histopathological, and immunohistochemical staining of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) analyses were conducted. Results indicated that potassium dichromate induced significant neurobehavioral deficits, heightened oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, astrocytosis, and histopathological alterations. However, Kolaviron treatment attenuated oxidative stress, improved cognitive function, and abrogated neuroinflammation, demonstrating its potential as a neuroprotective agent. These findings suggest that Kolaviron could be a promising therapeutic agent for mitigating neurotoxicity and cognitive impairments associated with neurodegenerative diseases.