The metabolism of arachidonic acid and diseases during pregnancy.

Arachidonic acid (AA) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid in humans and a key component of the phospholipid bilayer in cell membranes. Under various stimuli, AA is released from phospholipids; however, elevated levels of AA can act as inflammatory mediators, triggering inflammatory responses. During pregnancy, the placenta synthesizes large amounts of AA to play a critical role in fetal development, preparation for childbirth, and maternal-fetal adaptation. Here, we systematically review the biological mechanisms of AA during pregnancy and its potential involvement in related disorders. We aim to comprehensively elucidate the correlation between AA levels and both physiological and pathological changes during pregnancy. Our findings provide novel theoretical insights and potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy-related complications. These research advances contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of pregnancy-associated diseases and offer important scientific support for ensuring maternal and fetal health and safety.