Functional Interaction between Melatonin Signaling and Noncoding RNAs.

Melatonin was discovered in the pineal gland and first came to be known as a biochemical synchronizer of circadian rhythm. The molecular mechanisms underlying the broad-spectrum actions of melatonin are not restricted to its interaction with proteins but it also has functional effects after influencing RNA species that have no protein-coding potential. In this review we discuss the current understanding of the melatonin-mediated modulation of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) pathways under different physiological and pathological conditions. We also delineate the impact of specific ncRNAs in controlling the synthesis of melatonin. The information compiled herein will serve as a solid foundation to formulate ideas for future mechanistic studies on melatonin and to better explore the emerging functions of the noncoding transcriptome.