Current opinion in neurology · 2026
Autoimmune encephalitis and paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome: clinical diagnosis.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Lee Soon-Tae
Аннотация
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) are increasingly identified as causes of rapidly progressive immune-mediated neurologic syndromes. This review outlines diagnostic strategies and identifies key clinical and laboratory features for the accurate differential diagnosis.
RECENT FINDINGS: The diagnostic flow includes taking a detailed history for autoimmune progression, recognizing pattern of antibody-associated symptoms, performing neuroanatomical localization, and application of diagnostic work-up consisting of MRI, CSF analysis, and antibody testing. Specific antibodies correlate with distinct syndromes, while seronegative AE remains a diagnostical challenge. Given the broad differential diagnosis, accurate symptom interpretation and the recognition of red flags are critical to preventing misdiagnosis. Ultimately, the correct application and interpretation of antibody assays are crucial.
SUMMARY: AE and PNS represent a heterogeneous group of immune-mediated CNS disorders requiring early diagnosis and timely immunotherapy. Multimodal diagnostic strategies integrating well-balanced clinical, radiological, and serological data are essential to minimize misdiagnosis.
RECENT FINDINGS: The diagnostic flow includes taking a detailed history for autoimmune progression, recognizing pattern of antibody-associated symptoms, performing neuroanatomical localization, and application of diagnostic work-up consisting of MRI, CSF analysis, and antibody testing. Specific antibodies correlate with distinct syndromes, while seronegative AE remains a diagnostical challenge. Given the broad differential diagnosis, accurate symptom interpretation and the recognition of red flags are critical to preventing misdiagnosis. Ultimately, the correct application and interpretation of antibody assays are crucial.
SUMMARY: AE and PNS represent a heterogeneous group of immune-mediated CNS disorders requiring early diagnosis and timely immunotherapy. Multimodal diagnostic strategies integrating well-balanced clinical, radiological, and serological data are essential to minimize misdiagnosis.