[Diagnosis and treatment of thermochemical injuries of the airways in patients with severe burns].

Chromobronchoscopy allows objective assessment of the size and depth of injury to tracheobronchial mucosa. The type of inhalation injury to the tracheobronchial tree is an important parameter determining the preventive use of high-frequency assisted and artificial ventilation of the lungs (HFAVL and AVL, respectively). In patients with slight injuries to the airways, inflicted by burning products, the criteria of transfer to HFAVL or AVL should be traditional. In medium severe involvement HFAVL should be started immediately through a microtracheostoma. Severe and extremely severe inhalation injuries require urgent transfer to AVL even if there are no signs of acute respiratory failure.